• In an effort to discover additional GPCRs directing the

  2021-05-19

  

  In an effort to discover additional GPCRs directing the migratory events of responding B cells, we identified Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-induced gene 2 (EBI2) as a promising candidate. The gene encoding EBI2 (Ebi2, also known as Gpr183) was originally identified together with Ebi1 (Ccr7) as the most h

• br Inhibiting APC C during Interphase and prior

  2021-05-19

  

  Inhibiting APC/C during Interphase and prior to Anaphase Because ubiquitylation by APC/C triggers cell division, it is essential that APC/C is restrained until cells are prepared for its substrates to be degraded. In addition to regulation by phosphorylation, an additional layer of control comes

• One of the most fundamental distinctions between Ub signals

  2021-05-19

  

  One of the most fundamental distinctions between Ub signals is substrate monoubiquitination versus polyubiquitination. With the exception of the E2, UBE2W, which represents a special case because it emca only ubiquitinates the flexible N-termini of substrates [5], [6], [20], most examples of monoub

• br Substoichiometric substrate modification E ligases cataly

  2021-05-19

  

  Substoichiometric substrate modification E3 ligases catalyze the rapid transfer of the SUMOD from the E2 enzyme to the substrate. By definition, enzymes are recycled in the reaction, allowing multiple rounds of substrate modification by a single enzyme. Thus, enzymes function at substoichiometric

• Tailoring pharmacological treatment to the genetic

  2021-05-19

  

  Tailoring pharmacological treatment to the genetic background of a person can enhance therapeutic response (), increase compliance (), and decrease drug toxicity (, , ). Because cocaine addiction has a strong genetic basis, with the vulnerability to develop an addiction estimated to be as high as 72

• The biological significance of DNA

  2021-05-18

  

  The biological significance of DNA ligases is attributed to their function in DNA replication, recombination and/or DNA repair [1], [2]. In vertebrates, three different DNA ligases I, III and IV are recognized. DNA ligase I is essential for the Okazaki fragments’ ligation during lagging-strand DNA s

• Introduction In vitro synthetic biology has

  2021-05-18

  

  Introduction In vitro synthetic biology has received considerably less attention than in vivo processes so far (Foster and Church, 2007). However, cell-free biosynthetic production is very likely to become important for many biotechnological challenges for reasons such as (energy) efficiency, syste

• br Introduction Although not fully understood the molecular

  2021-05-18

  

  Introduction Although not fully understood, the molecular toxicology of sulfur mustard (bis(2-chloroethyl)sulfide, SM; CAS–Nr. 505-60-2), an alkylating warfare agent, has been attributed to DNA alkylation [1], [2], [3]. The same principle holds true for other alkylating compounds such as nitrogen

• br Results br Discussion Unraveling the molecular details

  2021-05-18

  

  Results Discussion Unraveling the molecular details of nucleoporin-karyopherin interactions, which have to be strong enough to promote transport but sufficiently weak to avoid stalling of transport complexes within the pore, is key to our understanding of the mechanisms of nucleocytoplasmic tr

• br Conclusions Enzyme can be delivered to the

  2021-05-18

  

  Conclusions Enzyme can be delivered to the tumour by using humanised or fully human Acitretin or even loaded into synthetic nanospheres produced from silica [64] or liposomally entrapped [65]. For any future ADEPT developments, a number of basic points need to be considered. As immunogenicity ha

• The recombinant Scl collagen system has shown

  2021-05-18

  

  The recombinant Scl2 collagen system has shown capability as a biomaterial as well because of its adaptability and scalability. Scl2 was functionalized to crosslink into a hydrogel without disrupting its triple helix [130]. The Scl2–hydrogel crosslinking also did not disrupt cell adhesion and integr

• In the next experiments using a Cell Stress Array kit

  2021-05-18

  

  In the next experiments, using a Cell Stress Array kit we assessed the effect of mixture of progestogens on the expression of 26 proteins. One group of proteins including PON3, Phospho-p38a, SIRT2, SOD2, HIF-1 alpha, HIF-2alpha and p27 were upregulated upon progestogen treatment. HIF-1 functions as

• Modulating protein stability specifically inhibiting ubiquit

  2021-05-17

  

  Modulating protein stability, specifically inhibiting ubiquitin E3 ligases, provides potential advantages over other druggable targets given the presence of biochemically multiple, unique pharmacophores within complexes that can bind a variety of small molecules [12]. The FBXO3 inhibitors used here

• Proof of concept studies with disulfiram suggest the potenti

  2021-05-17

  

  Proof-of-concept studies with disulfiram suggest the potential utility of DβH inhibitors for treatment of cocaine use disorder. In a study of 74 subjects stabilized on methadone and randomized into disulfiram and placebo groups for 10weeks, disulfiram treatment reduced cocaine-positive urines, and d

• DSBs can be repaired by two major pathways canonical non

  2021-05-17

  

  DSBs can be repaired by two major pathways: canonical non-homologous end-joining (c-NHEJ) and homologous recombination (HR) (Chapman et al., 2012). c-NHEJ comprises two sub-pathways, a resection-independent process and a resection-dependent process, and can rejoin break ends with little or no sequen

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