• Management of HIV treatment with HIV PIs can

  2022-08-22

  

  Management of HIV-1 treatment with HIV PIs can be complicated due to wide inter-patient variability in prolyl hydroxylase levels. In certain scenarios, therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) has been recommended as a useful approach to individualize therapy for HIV-infected patients [[9], [10], [11], [1

• br The HDC knockout mouse as a

  2022-08-22

  

  The HDC knockout mouse as a pathophysiological model of TS The implication of a hypomorphic allele of the Hdc gene as a rare cause of TS (Ercan-Sencicek et al., 2010) created a rare opportunity for the generation of a pathophysiologically grounded model of the disorder. Modeling pathophysiology o

• Tourette s syndrome TS is a neurobehavioral

  2022-08-22

  

  Tourette's syndrome (TS) is a neurobehavioral disorder characterized by chronic motor and vocal tics. The histaminergic system appears to be implicated in the pathophysiology of TS because H3R up-regulation has been observed in the striatum of HDC knock-out animal models (Rapanelli et al., 2017; Rap

• Fig illustrates the different signaling pathways elicited

  2022-08-22

  

  Fig. 1 illustrates the different signaling pathways elicited or modulated by H3R activation. Collectively, the modulation of the release of histamine and other neurotransmitters through H3R activation could be linked to several neurological disorders such as sleep disorders like narcolepsy, Alzheime

• br Conflict of interest br

  2022-08-22

  

  Conflict of interest Acknowledgments We thank Professor Chen Rui (Southeast University, China) for providing plasmid P1P2N-HIF1. This study was supported by research grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China (81573189, 81730087). Introduction The consumption of large amounts

• Several compounds have been described in the literature

  2022-08-22

  

  Several compounds have been described in the literature as inhibitors of the sGC. Among them, methylene blue and LY83583 () are not direct sGC inhibitors, but rather block cGMP formation by generating superoxide anion radicals that deactivate NO. Despite their extensive use in plethora of research s

• As well as the above studies Meier and coworkers used

  2022-08-22

  

  As well as the above studies, Meier and coworkers used TUG-891, alongside omega-3 fatty acids, to show a potential role for FFA4 in inhibiting proliferation of DU145 prostate cancer cells [68]. Given that these cells express both FFA4 and FFA1 and the current view that TUG-891 may not be sufficientl

• Introduction Nicotinic acid niacin NA has been

  2022-08-22

  

  Introduction Nicotinic gyy (niacin, NA) has been used in the treatment of dislipidemia and cardiovascular disease for almost 60years (Offermanns, 2006). Large clinical studies showed that niacin alone or in combination with LDL-lowering drugs improved cardiovascular outcomes (Canner et al., 1986, T

• br Evasion strategies for enhanced therapeutic outcomes In o

  2022-08-22

  

  Evasion strategies for enhanced therapeutic outcomes In order to increase AED penetration into the CNS, several strategies have been developed over the years to overcome the activity of efflux transporters, by inhibiting their function or by regulating their expression. Due to the high relevance

• Na K ATPase adenosine triphosphate ATP and astrocytic glutam

  2022-08-22

  

  Na+/K+-ATPase, conotoxin and astrocytic glutamate transporters act together to maintain sodium and potassium gradients and the proper activities of EAAT1 and EAAT2 (Rose et al., 2009; Sheean et al., 2013); nevertheless, in present study, Na+/K+-ATPase activity was shown to be increased as from 24 h

• br Materials and methods Rat forebrains were obtained

  2022-08-22

  

  Materials and methods Rat forebrains were obtained from Sprague–Dawley rats at 2, 7, 14, 21, and 30–35 postnatal days and were homogenized in 1:5 volumes (w/v) of 0.32 M sucrose containing 1 mM EGTA, 1 mM EDTA, 1 μg/ml TPCK, 50 μM leupeptin, and 3 μM antipain with 10 strokes in a glass-teflon hom

• Due to the versatility of the

  2022-08-22

  

  Due to the versatility of the ghrelin system and its multiple functions, dysregulation in some of the components of the ghrelin system, such as ghrelin, GOAT, and GHSR, might lead to pathogenesis of many endocrine-related diseases, including obesity, short stature, cancer, inflammatory, and cardiova

• br Some general considerations on anterior

  2022-08-22

  

  Some general considerations on anterior pituitary cell type, models, sex and drugs Historically, real-time analysis of native endocrine anterior pituitary cell excitability has been somewhat limited and thus much of the pioneering work on anterior pituitary cell excitability and stimulus-secretio

• Further insight in how exactly galanin might inhibit seizure

  2022-08-19

  

  Further insight in how exactly galanin might inhibit seizures was obtained from galanin transgenic mice. It occurred that the altered susceptibility to seizures was in direct correlation with glutamate release from hippocampal slices obtained from these animals (Fig. 2(b)). While no differences were

• At present many methods have been applied for multiple

  2022-08-19

  

  At present, many methods have been applied for multiple detection. For example, 17-Hydroxyprogesterone [[9], [10], [11]] is frequently used to detect multiple targets because of its exquisite sensitivity and specificity, but it is difficult to design experiments to test short-length oligonucleotide

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