• Interestingly hypoxia and an enhanced Warburg

  2025-01-21

  

  Interestingly, hypoxia and an enhanced Warburg effect ultimately lead to increased lactate production. The accumulation of lactate results in an acidic tumor microenvironment, which induces local inflammation. Lactate also promotes the polarization of macrophages that express immunosuppressive argin

• Introduction hydroxytryptamine HT is found throughout the bo

  2025-01-21

  

  Introduction 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is found throughout the body and influences smooth muscle activity in various tissues including the intestine, vasculature and urinary Natural flavor compound (Kim and Camilleri, 2000, Klarskov and Horby-Petersen, 1986, Mohammad-Zadeh et al., 2008). The curr

• Small RhoGTPases are single domain nucleotide dependent

  2025-01-21

  

  Small RhoGTPases are single-domain nucleotide-dependent binary switches that act as highly-tuned regulators in signal transduction [1]. The cycling between active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound forms allows RhoGTPases to bind to or to dissociate from downstream effectors, respectively [2]. Guanine

• Luciferase Immunoprecipitation Systems LIPS which utilizes r

  2025-01-21

  

  Luciferase Immunoprecipitation Systems (LIPS), which utilizes recombinant antigens fused to the enzyme reporter Renilla luciferase (Ruc) to detect patient antibodies, provides a unique platform to investigate mCherry mRNA poly(A) tail directed against a variety of antigenic targets [25]. Previously,

• PPDA australia Endoplasmic reticulum ER stress resulting fro

  2025-01-21

  

  Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress resulting from accumulation of misfolded proteins in ER lumen stimulates a chain of adaptive responses termed as the unfolded protein response (UPR). Glucose related protein (GRP78/BiP), key ER chaperone essential for the activation of the ER-transmembrane signaling

• Our previous studies and others

  2025-01-20

  

  Our previous studies and others have identified that the inhalational anesthetic isoflurane induces neuronal apoptosis via [Ca2+]i overload through the opening of synaptic voltage-dependent calcium channels (VDCCs) and the excessive Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum (Zhao et al., 2011; Zha

• br Conflict of interest br Acknowledgement We wish to

  2025-01-20

  

  Conflict of interest Acknowledgement We wish to thank the Program of National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFD0200500) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (KYTZ201604) for partially funding this work. Introduction Chitosan ((1→4)-2-amino-2-deoxy-β-d-glucose) is

• Our previous study showed that TRIM could

  2025-01-20

  

  Our previous study showed that TRIM31 could target TSC1-TSC2 complex and contributed to the clinical cancer progression [6]. In this study, we showed that TRIM31 could directly target p53 for ubiquitous degradation and further mediated anoikis-resistance of HCC cells. To further clarify the role of

• The rescue of the behavioral deficit was associated with

  2025-01-20

  

  The rescue of the behavioral deficit was associated with a significant reduction in the levels of both soluble and insoluble Aβ peptides and their deposition in the Kudzu root extract of the same animals. In search for the mechanism behind the reduced amyloidosis, we assessed APP metabolism. Confir

• The role of the adaptive immune response in AD is

  2025-01-20

  

  The role of the adaptive immune response in AD is not fully understood and previous studies are controversial. In this context, serum levels of T and B lymphocytes were found to be reduced in AD patients, suggesting a decline of the immune response during the course of the disease (Richartz-Salzburg

• MD was the recipient of the Intergroupe Francophone de

  2025-01-20

  

  MD was the recipient of the Intergroupe Francophone de Cancérologie Thoracique (IFCT) Alain Depierre Grant in 2014. JP was the recipient of the ARISTOT (Association de Recherche, d’Information Scientifique et Thérapeutique en Oncologie Thoracique) grant in 2016. Conflicts of interest statement

• br Experimental procedure br Funding The present

  2025-01-20

  

  Experimental procedure Funding The present study was supported by the Grant Russian Foundation for basic research (project no. 16-04-01517). Introduction 5-HT, a monoaminergic neurotransmitter, is synthesised from l-tryptophan catalysed by the enzymes tryptophan hydroxylase (Tph) and aroma

• Extracellular adenosine acts as a

  2025-01-20

  

  Extracellular adenosine acts as a local modulator of cell function via four adenosine receptor subtypes (A1Rs A2AR, A2BR, and A3R) that are involved in numerous physiological and pathophysiological processes [31]. Each is encoded by a separate gene and has different functions, although with some ove

• In humans the major LOs are subdivided by their positional

  2025-01-18

  

  In humans, the major LOs are subdivided by their positional specificity into 5-(ALOX5), 12-(ALOX12) and 15-LO (ALOX15) (Kuhn et al., 2015). 5-LO is the key enzyme for LT biosynthesis and mainly found in mature cells from myeloid origin, including neutrophil, eosinophil and basophil granulocytes, mon

• Because of its role in tumor

  2025-01-18

  

  Because of its role in tumor growth, proliferation and metastasis, Axl is considered a therapeutic target. Several Axl inhibitors, including low-molecular-weight agents and antibodies, have been reported. Axl inhibition, using low-molecular-weight inhibitors or shRNA knockdown, resulted in reduced t

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