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As cytosolic acetyl CoA levels in hepatocytes descend cellul
2024-02-19
As cytosolic acetyl-CoA levels in hepatocytes descend, cellular production and concentration of cholesterol go down, a change that is known to be sensed by the Sterol response element binding protein (SREBP)/Cleavage-Activating Protein system, leading to SREBP escort to the Golgi apparatus, cleavage
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trichostatin a Why do glutamate and glycine bind to the rece
2024-02-19
Why do glutamate and glycine bind to the trichostatin a in such different ways? Given the overall structural similarity between the GluN2A and GluN1 LBDs, one might conclude that the LBDs also bind ligands via similar processes. NMDA receptors with engineered disulfide linkages that lock the GluN1 l
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For the TSH receptor signaling at the
2024-02-19
For the TSH receptor, signaling at the Golgi/trans-Golgi network appears required for both rapid effects of TSH − such as Chymostatin depolymerization, which is implicated in thyroglobulin reuptake and, thus, thyroid hormone release − and late ones, such as those on gene transcription. Continued si
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br Conclusions br Introduction In the modern
2024-02-19
Conclusions Introduction In the modern life of humans, 412 2 are widely prescribed for therapy against bacterial diseases to prevent the onset of bacterial infections during a viral disease (Goossens et al., 2005; Van Boeckel et al., 2014). They have been massively administered and persist in
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It is noteworthy to mention the limitations of this
2024-02-18
It is noteworthy to mention the limitations of this study like tPA plus LB1 treatment beyond 4 h after stroke was not investigated. Especially 6 or 8 h after stroke could be studied in future projects for translational purposes. Second drawback might be that we performed the experiments in different
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br Introduction Chronic kidney disease CKD
2024-02-18
Introduction Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a worldwide public health problem. This problem is even worse in socioeconomically deprived countries because lower income and social deprivation are associated with higher incidence of reduced GFR, progressive kidney function loss and end stage renal
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Since ARBs strongly reduce inflammation it was
2024-02-09
Since ARBs strongly reduce inflammation, it was hypothesized that the protective effects on cognition were the result of reduction of inflammation and amelioration of neurogenic decrease. However, ARB treatment did not normalize increased inflammation and neurogenic loss. For this reason, the protec
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We also measured macrophage infiltration and CLS presence in
2024-02-09
We also measured macrophage infiltration and CLS presence in peri-gonadal AT from db/db mice and controls. CLS are morphological features within AT that are accurate indicators of adipocyte death and macrophage infiltration [56]. An earlier study showed that CLS macrophages account for >90% of the t
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Cancer stem cells CSCs may
2024-02-09
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) may have been first identified in teratocarcinomas [11], [12], with its initial clues date back to the 19th century [13]. Kleinsmith and Pierce [12] established the immortal pluripotent teratocarcinoma lines from a single transplanted multi-potent malignant cell, strongly su
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br Downstream signalling of AKT A
2024-02-09
Downstream signalling of AKT A consensus phosphorylation motif has been described for AKT substrates: R-X-R-X-X-S/T-B where X represents any amino Caspase-4 Colorimetric Assay Kit and B represents bulky hydrophobic residues (Alessi, Caudwell, Andjelkovic, Hemmings, & Cohen, 1996). Numerous AKT s
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br Material and methods br Results br Discussion GRK
2024-02-09
Material and methods Results Discussion GRK2 activity has increasingly been shown to contribute to the progression of numerous diseases and organ dysfunction [5], [6]. For instance, a large body of work over the last two decades has identified GRK2 as a major regulator of cardiac dysfunctio
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In the vasculature it is known that
2024-02-09
In the vasculature, it is known that A2A and A2B adenosine receptors are stimulatory for adenylyl-cyclase, leading to cyclic-AMP (cAMP) production and vasodilation, while the A1 and A3 adenosine receptors are linked to the inhibitory Gi, suppressing adenylyl-cyclase and favoring contraction. However
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Acetylcholinesterase AChE activity and expression
2024-02-09
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and expression level can be down regulated by TCDD in neuronal cells [3], [6]. Thus AChE could be considered as a target of the neuronal toxicity of dioxin. AChE has several types of transcripts by alternative splicing in the 3′ region of primary transcripts [7],
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It is important http www apexbt com media
2024-02-09
It is important to note that the administration of THA significantly increased the area immunostained by the anti-pVEGFR2 antibody in medial septal cholinergic neurons. The same treatment slightly increased the expression levels of VEGFR2 in cholinergic neurons; however, this change was not confirme
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br Acknowledgements MC and PD were
2024-02-09
Acknowledgements MC and PD were funded by the Michael J Fox Foundation (Grant ID 9969). We would like to thank Pierluigi Saba, Francesco Traccis and Barbara Tuveri for their technical assistance. Introduction In the prostate, androgens play a crucial role in normal, BPH and cancerous growth b
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